CANINE TICK BORNE HAEMOPROTOZOANDISEASES; EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS AND DIAGNOSTIC APPROACHES– A REVIEW.

Tick borne haemoprotozoan diseases (TBDs) are most common in tropical and subtropical regions across the world because of the high prevalence of tick vectors. Among these, Babesiosis, Hepatozoonosis andTrypanosomiasis are the major TBDs affecting the canine species. Affected dogs usually exhibit clinical manifestations like anorexia, lethargic conditions, anaemia, icterus and often death in severe cases. The haematological profile of the affected dogs shows alterations in blood cell counts like thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia etc. This present review depicts in details the epidemiology, pathogenesis and different diagnostic approaches like microscopic examinations, serological and molecular nucleic acid based tools as the aid for diagnosis.