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Acquire brain injury is a serious neurological complication that occurs after the birth of an individual. It could be traumatic and non-traumatic. Traumatic cases occur due to accidents, injuries, falls whereas non-traumatic cases occur due to stroke, tumor, alcohol consumption, etc. The damage induced resulting from the injury could be moderate or severe and affects the individual?s cognitive and behavioral skills. There is a need of recovery to get restored to normalcy. Neuroplasticity process has been considered vital in offering recovery. The main objective of the paper is to provide a description on the neuroplastic changes following acquired brain injury. A literature search was carried out by using databases like Pubmed. Pertinent articles were retrieved. It was found that neuroplasticity is a sequence of events that necessitate the input of various internal and external recovery mechanisms. These mechanisms in turn involve both recovery and compensation. Recovery is intended for the restoration of the lost functions while compensation is intended for the acquisition of novel behaviors to substitute the ones lost following the injury. During the recovery, neurogenesis and angiogenesis tend to work in an integrated manner. Apart from this, training induced recovery like that offered in a rehabilitation setting was also proved to be instrumental in inducing neuroplastic changes. Tremendous research was done with the aid of rat models to assess the neuroplasticity. The ultimate objective of these recovery modes is to ensure improved neuroplasticity such that there will be increased axonal growth, synaptic connections, signal transmissions in the brain and also sense perception to the damaged limbs. The individual could be able to perform daily living activities independently.
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