MEMBRANES FOR GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION - AN UPDATE

The ideal outcome of the periodontal therapy is periodontal regeneration with new attachment. However, complete regeneration of the lost periodontal tissue has not been reported yet. In the last 20 decades, guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has evolved as a potential alternative to drive the innate biologically determined regenerative capacity of the periodontal tissue.GTR therapy that uses membranes is based on the principle of cell exclusion and provides stability to the wound and isolates the space for in-growth of the new cells from the base of the lesion to restore the functionality of the periodontium. The concept of GTR has been applied with distinct levels of clinical success in periodontal regeneration. There is no single biomaterial that favours to restore different tissue types. This review gives an insight of different membranes developed till date and their impact on the experimental and clinical manageability of the periodontal defect. Furthermore, this review discusses the recent approach for periodontal regeneration by developing advanced bioactive scaffolds and controlled drug delivery system with the incorporation of nanotechnology, regenerative medicines and stem cell therapy.