The effects of Industrial Institutions on Ecological Factors of Tigris River through Baghdad Province

Tigris River receives many pollutants when passing through Baghdad province because of increasing of population size, discharge of untreated industrials and agricultural wastes on the river. The present study was conducted from January to December 2013 on the Tigris River starting from Al-Muthana Bridge to Al-Zaufurania area before it's jointed with Diyalla Tributary. Six sites were chosen on the Tigris River along the Baghdad city. The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) were determined with nineteen of physical and chemical parameters were analyzed based on importance of these parameters which are ranged as following: Air temperature (10 to 43)°C, water temperature (10 to 34)°C, pH (6.9 to 8.9), EC (490 to 1220) µs/cm, turbidity (10 to 125) NTU, Salinity (0.313 to 0.78) ‰, TDS (0.24 to 0.62) Mg/l, TSS (3 to 1170) Mg/l, TH (80 to 400) Mg/l, Ca+2 (40 to 256) mg/ L, Mg+ (5 to 350) mg/ L, Dissolved Oxygen (4.5 to 14.5) mg/ L, BOD5 (1.5 to 7.3) mg/ L, COD (4 to 93) Mg/l, NO3 (0.095to 2.164) mg/ L, PO4-2 (3.03 to 176.5) µg/ L, HCO3-2 (50 to 200) mg/ L, TOM (0.189 to 1.563) mg/ L, SO4 (50 to 380) mg/ L, water current (22.2 to 50) cm/sec. The total PAHs were varied from (0.007 to 0.279) ppm. This study showed that the water of Tigris River was hard and heavily contaminated by PAHs according to WHO (1998) and the deterioration of water quality was increased towards the downstream of Baghdad city according to discharge pollutants to the river. The major source of polluted the water of Tigris River was industrial wastes containing organic, in organic and heavy metals ,associated with some homesteads and few agricultural practices.