COMPARISON OF EFFECT OF INJ DEXAMETHASONE WITH INJ ONDANSETRON AND INJ DEXAMETHASONE WITH INJ METOCLOPRAMIDE FOR PREVENTION OF POST-OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING(PONV) AFTER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER

Introduction: Postoperative nausea & vomiting (PONV) are common distressing complications of anaesthesia. Pain ,nausea & vomiting are frequently listed by the patient as their most important postoperative concerns. PONV results in increased patient’s discomfort and dissatisfaction. Despite continuing advances in anaesthetic and surgical technique, both the incidence and severity of PONV remain relatively unchanged.

Material and Methods: A total of 200 patients belonging to ASA grade 1 and 2 posted for surgery under general anaesthesia were included after satisfying the eligibility criteria. They were divided into two groups.Group O received Dexamethasone 8 mg i.v. + Ondansetron 4 mg i.v.Group M received Dexamethasone 8 mg i.v. + Metoclopramide 10 mg i.v.In this study, the primary aim was to assess the incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting in the first 8 hrs after surgery in both the groups.

Results: In group M ,total 32 patients out of 100 had nausea as compared to group O where 14 patients had nausea.In group M, 19 patients had mild nausea as compared to 9 patients in group O. 13 patients had moderate nausea in group M as compared to 5 patients in group O. In group M 25 patients had episodes of vomiting out of 100 as compared to group O where 8 patients had vomiting episodes. In group M, 13 patients had mild vomiting episodes as compared to 4 patients in group O. 12 patients had moderate vomiting episodes in group M as compared to 4 patients in group O .The difference between two groups was statistically significant.

Conclusion: In this study ,nausea and vomiting score was significantly low in group O which is the combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron as compared to the M group which consists of dexamethasone and metoclopramide. Thus we can conclude that dexamethasone (8 mg) and ondansetron(4 mg) combination has better antiemetic effect than the combination of dexamethasone (8 mg) and metoclopramide 10 mg) to prevent PONV after general anaesthesia.