COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Pregnancy complications, while often mild, can pose significant risks to both mother and child. Common complications include anemia in pregnancy, thyroid disorders, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), infections, and preterm labor. Physiological changes during pregnancy increase the demand for iron, making anemia a prevalent concern. Preeclampsia, characterized by elevated blood pressure and proteinuria, presents a risk with an unknown etiology. Timely prenatal care and early detection are essential for mitigating these risks. This prospective observational study was conducted over six months in an obstetrics ward at a tertiary care teaching hospital, involving a sample of 110 participants. Our findings revealed that the 18-25 age group was most susceptible to pregnancy complications. Moreover, the majority of complications were detected during the third trimester, affecting 74.54% of the study population. Among the subjects, 25.45% experienced hypertensive disorders, 20% were diagnosed with GDM, 13.63% suffered from anemia during pregnancy, and 36.36% reported thyroid disorders during pregnancy. Notably, thyroid disorders were the most frequently identified complication in this population. Complications during pregnancy can have severe maternal and fetal consequences if left untreated. Physiological changes, inadequate antenatal care, young age at pregnancy, illicit drug use, and multiple pregnancies are contributing factors to these complications. Early screening, diagnosis, and treatment are crucial for effective management and the prevention of severe maternal and fetal complexities. Educating and raising awareness about symptoms, consequences, and preventive measures play a vital role in reducing the occurrence of pregnancy complications.