PREVALENCE AND PATTERN OF MENTAL DISORDERS AMONGST THE MBBS STUDENT STUDYING IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, IMPHAL

Background:Graduate medical studies are considered one of the most stressful professional courses. High expectations from self and family members, coupled with the training for assuming responsibility for the wellbeing of the patient, make a medical student prone to experience stress which may become excessive. The accumulating stress is likely to have several deleterious effects on medical students including academic jeopardy and poor quality of life.Medical students have higher levels of depressive symptoms than the general population. Depressed medical students are more likely to experience burnout or drop out of medical school. Additionally, depressed students are more likely to consider or commit suicide.Mental health of a medical student remains affected throughout training due to long study and working hours, extensive course content, examinations, competition, sleep deprivation, and loneliness including other factors interfering in everyday personal, social, and family life. Globally, it has been demonstrated that 25%-90% of medical students are stressed, which is an important determinant of depression and anxiety.The present study aims to document the prevalence and patterns of mental disordersamong the MBBS student studying in a tertiary care hospital, Imphal.

Methodology:A cross-sectional study design was adopted in the present study. Stratified random sampling was done in the MBBS students. All the MBBS students of RIMS, Imphal was divided into 4 strata i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd MBBS and interns. From each stratum  50 students was selected randomly RIMS, Imphal during the study period were considered the study population of the present study. A total of 200 samples were collected. Each prospective participant was explained about the studys objectives, interviewing protocols, and confidentiality measures.Following the participants consent, a self-developed semi-structured proforma,Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ)and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for adult was used for data collection.

Results:The present finding shows that out of total 200 study samples 162 samples i.e. 81% had no mental disorders and 38 samples i.e.19 % had mental disorders.About 13 participants were diagnosed with generalised anxiety disorder (6.5%), 8 participants had major depressive disorder (4%), 7 participants had both major depressive disorder and generalised anxiety disorder (3.5%), 5 participants had other anxiety disorder (2.5%), 3 participants had panic disorder (1.5%), 1 participant had somatic symptom disorder (0.5%), 1 participant had PTSD (0.5%) and no substance use disorders among the participants.The maximum study sample was in age group of 21-25 years (76.6%) followed by the age group less than 20 years (15.9%) followed by the age group 26-30 years(7.5%) of participants.Both male and female are distributed equally among the participants.Most of the participants were resident of urban area (77%) and rest from rural area (23%).The majorityof the participants were Hindu religion (58.7%), followed by Christian (28.3%) and rest were Muslim (13%).The maximum participants were from middle class (61.7%), followed by lower middle class (28.3%) and rest were from upper middle class (28.3%).This is based on BG Prasads scale .About 79% were from nuclear family and followed by 21% belonging to joint family.

Conclusion:It was determined that the  maximum number of participants was in age group of 21-25 years. The maximum participants were resident of urban area. Most of the participants were Hindu religion, followed by Christian and rest were Muslim. Majority of the participants were from middle class they were from nuclear family.Amongst all the students who are taken in this study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria,the prevalence of Mental Disorders of MBBS student studying in RIMS, Imphal is 19 %. Out of total sample of 200, the majority of the participants were diagnosed with generalised anxiety disorder (6.5%). This was followed by major depressive disorder (4%), both major depressive disorder and generalised anxiety disorder (3.5%), other anxiety disorder (2.5%), panic disorder (1.5%), somatic symptom disorder (0.5%), PTSD (0.5%) and substance use disorder (0%). This study shows that presence of mental disorders among the MBBS students was present maximum in 21-25 years age group. Majority of the participants having mental disorders are maximum in female gender. Majority of the participants having mental disorders among the MBBS students are present more in those who belongs to Nuclear Family and those who are resident of urban area. The percentage of mental disorders are present more in Final MBBS, followed by Interns,First MBBS and Second MBBS. This also shows that the percentage of the presence of mental disorders of the MBBS students are present more in Hindu religion(63%), followed by Christian(34%) and Muslim (26%). The percentage of the presence of mental disorders are present more in students belonging to middle class SES(71%), followed by lower middle class(26%) and upper middle class(3%). The percentage of the presence of mental disorders of the MBBS students are present more in students belonging Nuclear Family(68%). The percentage of mental disorders are present more in Final MBBS(40%), followed by Interns (32%), First MBBS(24%) and Second MBBS(5%). The result is statistically significant as P- value is of 0.007.