MORTALITY PATTERN AND CAUSATIVE FACTORS IN THE CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

The exposure to several risk factors, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) develop into the primary basis of death leading cause of death globally, accounting for more fatalities than all other causes combined. Countries with low and moderate incomes are especially affected. Hospital admission statistics are largely lacking in developing nations. Thus, this study will assist us in evaluating the prevalent disease patterns found in ICU. This study covered all patients who were admitted to BMCH for emergency care between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024. Clinical factors included the primary diagnosis with comorbidities from the previous two years' hospital records previous to the emergency hospitalization. The causes of the 149 cases in our centre were as follows: 26.17 percent had primarily cardiac problems, 15.44 percent had respiratory problems, 12.75 percent had encephalopathy and stroke, 12.75 percent had Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS), 12.08% had renal problems, 12.08% had cancer, 2.68 percent had liver complications, and 1.34% had only diabetes mellitus, trauma, poisoning, and tuberculosis cases. In the upcoming years, there will be a significant global increase in the prevalence of pulmonary disorders, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular diseases, which will negatively impact society and the economy. An important route for preserving body homeostasis and slowing the development of systemic disease is the kidney-heart-lung axis. These organs have similar mechanisms that could contribute to the start and progression of these diseases. According to our findings, the heart is the primary effect of death in the intensive care unit, followed by the lung, kidney, and brain.