REGENERATIVE DENTISTRY - UPDATES AND UPCOMING TRENDS

Regenerative dentistry is shifting clinical practice from mechanical repair to biologically driven restoration of dental tissues. Advances in stem cell biology, biomaterials, and molecular signaling now support regeneration of enamel, dentin, pulp, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Dental derived mesenchymal stem cells show strong differentiation,angiogenic,and immunomodulatory capabilities,while modern biomaterials like hydrogels, nanocomposites, bioactive glasses, and smart adhesives enhance remineralization and tissue integration.Biologics such as enamel matrix derivatives, platelet concentrates, and growth factors enable predictable pulp revitalization, and stem cell scaffold constructs promote regeneration of the pulp dentin complex. Periodontal regeneration benefits from photobiomodulation, advanced grafts, hydrogels, and hyaluronan-based systems, with emerging roles for mesenchymal stem cells derived micro RNAs.Rapid developments in 3D bioprinting, decellularized scaffolds, nanodelivery platforms, exosome-based therapies, and AI-driven design are accelerating translation into patient-specific solutions. Together, these innovations outline a paradigm shift toward therapies capable of restoring natural tooth form and function, potentially reducing reliance on traditional fillings, root canals, and periodontal surgery.