GOUVERNANCE LOCALE ET INEGALITES D'ACCES A LEAU POTABLE DANS DE LA COMMUNE DE ZAGNANADO

Universal access to drinking water is a key challenge for sustainable development (SDG 6), particularly in rural Sub-Saharan Africa where decentralization struggles to produce expected outcomes. This study analyzes the relationship between local governance and inequalities in access to drinking water in Zagnanado municipality (Benin),characterized by a paradox: the coexistence of dense hydraulic infrastructure (179 manual pump boreholes and 4 village water schemes) alongside over 70% of households relying on non-potable sources. A mixed-methods approach combining a quantitative survey (250 households), semi-structured interviews (85 local actors), and infrastructure assessment was used. Data were analyzed through SWOT analysis and a spatial typology of water vulnerability. The analysis reveals territorial inequalities, with functionality rates ranging from 28.57% (Don-Tan) to 77.14% (Kpedekpo). These disparities stem from structural governance weaknesses: lack of specific regulatory frameworks, institutional fragmentation, lack of maintenance financing (43.58% of boreholes out of order), and limited local capacities. Domestic water treatment is virtually non-existent (3.1%), exacerbating health risks. Inequalities in access to drinking water are more a result of institutional incapacity to maintain and equitably distribute resources than of investment deficits. Establishing regulatory frameworks and sustainable financing mechanisms is crucial for equitable and durable access.