CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN AQUACULTURE: A LIMNOLOGICAL REVIEW OF ANTHROPOGENIC STRESSORS IN THE MIDDLE GANGETIC PLAIN

Urban aquaculture is a vital component of food security and livelihood for the burgeoning populations of South Asian cities. However, the hydrobiological integrity of these urban water bodies is under severe threat from rapid urbanization and unregulated waste disposal. This review evaluates the limnological transition of traditional ponds in Bhagalpur, Bihar, from pristine ecosystems to stressed urban sinks. By synthesizing data on nutrient loading, organic pollution indicators, and biodiversity indices, the article identifies the core stressors hindering productivity.Furthermore, it proposes integrated management strategiesincluding nature-based solutions, to ensure the long-term sustainability of urban fisheries.