CURRENT CONCEPTS IN ALLERGIC EYE DISEASES: MODERN AND AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVES AND MANAGEMENT

Allergic eye diseases (AEDs) are a group of inflammatory conditions affecting the conjunctiva and ocular surface, triggered by hypersensitivity responses to environmental allergens. Ocular allergy affects nearly 40% of the worldwide population and is a major contributor to ocular morbidity. Clinical presentations vary from mild seasonal discomfort to severe chronic conditions that may lead to corneal involvement and visual impairment. This review highlights the current understanding of allergic eye diseases, including their classification, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management from both modern and Ayurvedic viewpoints. Contemporary treatment approaches include allergen avoidance, artificial tears, antihistamines,mast cell stabilizers, corticosteroids, immunomodulatory agents, and allergen immunotherapy. Ayurveda focuses on avoiding causative factors, dietary modifications, Netra Kriya Kalpa, systemic therapies such as Panchakarma, and oral medications. Nevertheless, further well-designed clinical studies are required to validate the long- term safety and effectiveness of integrativ