SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF UROLITHIASIS IN EIGHT DOGS OF DIFFERENT BREEDS

Urolithiasis is one of the most frequently encountered urinary tract disorders in dogs and results in dysuria, hematuria, pollakiuria, urinary obstruction, and significant impairment of animal welfare. The present study describes the diagnosis and surgical management of urolithiasis in eight dogs comprising four Shih Tzus, two Labrador Retrievers, one Golden Retriever, and one Pug, aged between 4.5 and 7 years and weighing between 8 and 32 kg. Dogs were presented with varying degrees of lower urinary tract signs including stranguria, hematuria, frequent urination, abdominal discomfort, and urinary retention. Diagnosis was established through clinical examination, hematobiochemical analysis, urinalysis,ultrasonography, and radiographic evaluation. Surgical intervention was undertaken in all cases following confirmation of urinary calculi. Standard cystotomy was performed under general anesthesia, and cystoliths were successfully removed. Postoperative management included antimicrobial therapy, analgesics, fluid therapy, and dietary recommendations aimed at preventing recurrence. Clinical recovery was seen in all the cases, with restoration of normal urination and resolution of associated clinical signs. The findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention in canine urolithiasis and demonstrate that cystotomy remains a reliable and effective treatment modality for dogs with bladder calculi. Long-term management through dietary modification, monitoring of urine characteristics, and periodic imaging is essential for minimizing recurrence.