FACIAL AND DENTAL ESTHETICS IN ORTHODONTIC DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING: A CONTEMPORARY REVIEW

Ravikiran M I; Sanju Somaiah; Goutham B Reddy; Sunil Muddaiah; Sujith Mathew; Rudrakshala Nandini

12 Sep 2026 Vol. 14 (09) pp. 398-406

FACIAL AND DENTAL ESTHETICS IN ORTHODONTIC DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING: A CONTEMPORARY REVIEW

Ravikiran M I, Sanju Somaiah, Goutham B Reddy, Sunil Muddaiah, Sujith Mathew and Rudrakshala Nandini

Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Coorg Institute of Dental Science.
Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Coorg Institute of Dental Science.
Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Coorg Institute of Dental Science.
Reader, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Coorg Institute of Dental Science.

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Abstract

Background: Facial esthetics has moved from the periphery to the centre of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Where cephalometric hard-tissue norms once dictated treatment goals, contemporary orthodontics recognises that the soft-tissue envelope, the smile,and the dentition together determine whether a result is perceived as attractive. Objective: To present a clinically oriented, hierarchical review of facial and dental esthetics for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, organised under the widely used macro-, mini-, and micro-esthetic framework.

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How to Cite This Article

Ravikiran M I et,al (2026); FACIAL AND DENTAL ESTHETICS IN ORTHODONTIC DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING: A CONTEMPORARY REVIEW, International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 14 (09), 398-406, ISSN 2320-5407.