PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN OPTIMIZATION IN SAUDI OIL & GAS MEGAPROJECTS

Saudi oil and gas megaprojects depend on globally distributed engineering,fabrication, transport and construction networks. Their performance is often constrained less by isolated purchasing decisions than by misalignment among design maturity, contracting schedules, supplier capacity, shipping, site readiness and project controls. This review examines procurement and supply chain optimization through an integrated project-delivery perspective relevant to Saudi Arabia under Vision 2030. It synthesizes recent megaproject scholarship, supply chain resilience research, professional guidance and Saudi industrial-development policies. The analysis distinguishes procurement efficiency from supply chain effectiveness and examines how early market engagement, package design, supplier assurance, digital expediting, inventory segmentation and interface governance can improve predictable delivery. A conceptual optimization framework connects demand planning to commercial strategy, supplier execution, logistics and performance learning.The evidence supports coordinated, risk-informed procurement, rather than an exclusive focus on lowest initial purchase price. The proposed framework is intended as a basis for future testing with anonymized project data; it does not present simulated savings as observed results. Policy implications include supplier capability development, responsible localization and stronger integration of procurement with project schedule and cost systems.