CAUSES OF BLEEDING PER RECTUM

Back ground:- Bleeding per rectum is a common universal emergency in clinical practice and remain a major medical problem. Objectives:- To diagnose the causes of bleeding per rectum. Method:-One hundred Patients presented with bleeding per rectum from July 2013 to July 2015 at AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital were studied and subjected to lower gastrointestinal endoscopy to elicit the causes of the bleeding. Results:- Sixsty patients were females(60%)&40 patients were males(40%)with female to male ratio of 1.5:1.The age ranged from 15 t0 80 years, with mean age of the patients was 29 years,the majority being in the 5th decade of life constituting about 20 patient (20%).The commonest cause of bleeding was heamorrhoid (32 patients)(32%),and the next cause was ulcerative colitis (24 patients)(24%),followed by benign colonic Adenomatous polyp(12 patients)(12%),benign rectal adenomatous polyp(11 patients)(11%),solitary benign rectal ulcer (9 patients)(9%),colonic cancer(5 patients)(5%),rectal cancer(4 patients)(4%) and infective colitis (3 patients)(3%).Ninety patients( 90%) stopped bleeding on the medical supportive measures , this took place from within few hours following admission to 2 days post-admission.In 10 patients (10% )the bleeding continue and were referred to emergency surgery, and laparotomy was done to them.The death rate in our study was 5 patients (5%) . Conclusion:- Our study showed that the most common cause of bleeding were Haemorrhoid,ulcerative colitis,colonic benign adenomatous polyp,rectal benign adenomatous polyp,solitary rectal ulcer,colonic cancer,rectal cancer and infective colitis.