CAUSES OF HAEMATEMESIS

Back ground:- Haematemesis is a common universal emergency in clinical practice and remain a major medical problem. Objectives:- To diagnose the causes of haematemesis and the management of this problem. Method:-One hundred Patients presented with haematemsis from July 2014 to July 2015 at AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital were studied and subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to elicit the causes of the bleeding. Results:-seventy patients were male(70%) and 30 patients were females(30%) with male to female ratio of 2.3:1.The age ranged from 15 t0 80 years, with mean age of the patients was 30 years,the majority being in the 5th decade of life constituting about 25patient (25%).chronic peptic ulcer are the most common cause of bleeding accounting for 40 patients(40%) followed by acute peptic erossion 30 patients(30%) ,hiatus hernia with reflux oesophagitis 15 patients(15%) , Gastric cancer 7 patients(7%) and oesophageal varices 5patients(5%),Mallory weis syndrome 3 patients(3%).Ninety five patients(95%) stopped bleeding on the medical supportive measures , this took place from within few hours following admission to 2 days post-admission.In 5 patients (5% )the bleeding continue and were referred to emergency surgery, and laparotomy was done to them.The death rate in our study was 2 patients (2%) . Conclusion:- The study showed that the most common causes of bleeding is chronic peptic ulcer followed by acute peptic erossion and 95patients(95%) were treated medically and 5 patients(5%) were treated surgically and 2 patients(2%) died.