TURNOVER OF RED GRAPE EXTRACT AGAINST NICOTINE INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE LUNG TISSUE OF MALE ALBINO RAT WITH REFERENCE TO AGING

A grape (Vitis vinifera) is commercial juice products from Concord grapes have been applied in medical research studies, showing potential benefits against the diseases. Nicotine as most biologically active chemical in tobacco smoke. Nicotine has been reported to induce changes both in vivo and in vitro. Pathogen free, Wistar strain male albino rats were used in the present study rats were divided into 4 groups of six in each group i) Normal Control (NC) (Control rats received 0.9% saline) ; ii) Nicotine treated (Nt) (at a dose of 0.6 mg/ kg body weight by subcutaneous injection for a period of 2 months ); iii) Red Grape extract treated (RGEt) (red grape extract 50mg/kg body weight (after the standardization) via  orogastric tube for a period of 2 months. ); IV)) Nicotine + Red Grape (Nt+RGEt) (Rats were received the nicotine with a dose as mentioned for Group II  through subcutaneous injection and red grape extract as mentioned for Group III via orogastric tube for a period of 2 months). The animals were sacrificed after 24 hrs after the last treatment  by cervical dislocation and isolated the lung tissue such as the activites of the levels of Carbohydrates metabolism, Oxidative enzymes and Antioxidants enzymes are decreased in nicotine treated rats in the lung tissue and increase was observed in the combination (Nt+RGEt), but at 50 mg/kg body weight found to be more effective. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are increase in nicotine treated rats in the lung tissue and decreased was observed in the combination (Nt+RGEt), but at 50 mg/kg body weight found to be more effective. This results stating that red grape extracts treated are beneficial, especially for the nicotine subjects to improve the Carbohydrates metabolism, Oxidative enzymes and Antioxidants enzymes and thereby to improve the health status and life span.