SYNCHRONOUS ASSOCIATION OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA WITH MINIMAL DIFFERENTIATION (AML-M0) AND MULTIPLE MYELOMA: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction:-The synchronous coexistence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma (MM) in a patient who has never received cytotoxic therapy is an exceptional condition. Most reported associations involve secondary acute myeloid leukemia occurring after treatment for multiple myeloma. The pathophysiology and therapeutic management of this dual hematological malignancy remain poorly defined. Case report:-We report the case of a 67-year-old man with no significant medical history who was admitted for severe deterioration of general condition and profound bicytopenia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed a dual marrow infiltration consisting of 34% blasts and 32% plasma cells. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping confirmed acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation (AML-M0), showing expression of CD34, CD117, HLA-DR, CD33, CD13, and CD11c, associated with a clonal plasma cell proliferation consistent with multiple myeloma. The clinical course was rapidly unfavorable, complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation, severe infection, and acute respiratory failure, preventing initiation of specific treatment.