STUDY OF 894 G>T SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM OF ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE (ENOS) AND THE RISK OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY.

Endothelial dysfunction plays is a major cause of pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease, including diabetic nephropathy(DNP). A single nucleotide polymorphism in endothelial-derived nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphisms affect activity of eNOS and is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Studies examining association of eNOS gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with diabetic nephropathy and without diabetic nephropathy are limited in Indian population. Thus, we investigated the genotype: phenotype association between potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the eNOSgene (894G>T) by PCR-RFLP assays in diabetic subjects with and without nephropathy. We also measured serum Nitric Oxide (NO) levels in these subjects and examined its correlation with eNOS genotypes and diabetic nephropathy. We observed that subjects carrying ‘GT’ genotype of 894G>T, were associated with increased risk of renal damage in type 2 diabetes.(OR=2.26; CI=1.020-5.032) We also observed lower serum NO levels in T2DM subjects (both study and controls group) carrying GT+TT genotypes. Our study suggest that 894G>T is associated with increased risk of nephropathy type 2 diabetic patients.