THE IMPACT OF ONLINE COMMERCE ADOPTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL INTEGRATION ON SMART SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SAUDI ARABIA

This study explores how online commerce adoption, technological integration, and organizational readiness collectively shape the modernization of smart supply chains in Saudi Arabias retail sector. The research employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze data collected from 70 managerial respondents. The results reveal that online commerce adoption significantly enhances both technological integration and organizational readiness, while technological integration directly contributes to improved smart supply chain performance. In addition, organizational readiness strengthens the positive link between technological integration and performance, highlighting its critical moderating role in the digital transformation process.These findings emphasize that successful digital transformation depends not only on technology itself but also on the organizations capacity to adapt, learn, and strategically align its resources. From a managerial perspective, companies should balance investment in digital infrastructure with initiatives that build human capability, promote collaboration, and foster visionary leadership to sustain long-term performance improvements.