A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF RECENT ADVANCES AND EMERGING CHALLENGES IN UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORK LOCALIZATION

In sensor networks it is really important to know exactly where each sensor node is. This is calledlocalization. We need to figure out where each node is. There are a lot of ways to do this on land but not many of these ways work for sensor networks. This is because underwater sensor networks are very different from the ones on land. Underwater sensor networks have problems withhow they communicate. The sound waves they use to talk to each other are slow. Can only carry a little bit of information at a time. This makes it hard to find the spot of each sensor node. This paper is about the ways we can find the location of sensor nodes in underwater sensor networks. It also talks about the challenges we face when we try to make these networks work for things, like offshore engineering. Underwater sensor networks have a lot of issues that make localization really tough.