Fruit extract nanoparticles increase the efficiency of Balanites sp against diabetes mellitus in albino male rats

Type II diabetes mellitus is increasing health problems that negatively affect health care systems worldwide. There is a constant urge to develop new therapies with better effects, lower side effects at lower prices to treat this disease. Because nano-structured systems could promote sustained release of active constituents, reduce the required dose, low toxicity, decrease side effects, and improve activity. Therefore, the present study carried out to investigate whether Balanites sp fruit extract nanoparticles could treat the hyperglycemic, liver toxicity and gene expression changes in pancreatic, and hepatic tissues of diabetic rats. The protective effect of Balanites sp-NPs was studied on type-II diabetes through determination of serum glucose and levels, enzymes activities, DNA fragmentation and expression alterations of insulin and gluconeogenic genes in diabetic rats induced by alloxan. The current study showed that oral administration of Balanites sp-NPs significantly decreased the blood glucose, alterations in the expression of insulin (I&II) and gluconeogenic genes, DNA Fragmenation. Also, Balanites sp -NPs restored the altered plasma enzyme (AST and ALT) levels to near normal. The results could be concluded that the nanoparticles of Balanites sp extract increased the potential to be developed as an antidiabetic agent.